ܥܰܠ‌ ܐܝ ܬܰܪܒܝـܝܰܐ ܕܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ / Cal i tarbiya du barnošo
author: Ayhan Gürkan
edition published: 2020
language: tru
availability: Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

ܒܰܝܢ ܐܰܟ݂ ܟ݂ܷܠܩܰܬ ܕܷܟ݂ܠܷܩܠܶܗ ܐܰܠܳܗܐ ܒܰܣ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܣܢܝܩܳܝܐ ܝܐ ܠܘ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ. ܐܘ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܕܟܷܐܡܡܝܢܰܐ؛ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܠܰܫܰܢ ܕܳܐܕ݂ܰܥ ܐܝ ܩܝܡܶܐ، ܐܘ ܣܬܷܥܡܰܐܠ ܕܘ ܡܶܕܶܐ، ܕܩܳܕܰܪ ܕܥܳܝܰܫ، ܕܷܡܕܰܒܰܪ ܐܰܚ ܚܰܝܰـܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܒܬܰܪܒܝـܝܰܐ ܘܒܛܘܟܳܣܐ ܝܐ. ܒܷܬ݂ܷܪ ܡܶܐ ܬܰܡܐ ܟܳܒܳܕܶܐ ܕܦܳܝܰܬ ܠܝ ܡܘܔܰܕܱܠܰܐ ܕܰܚ ܚܰܝܶܐ. ܐܝܕ݂ܰܐ ܡܷܕܠܶܗ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܛܰܘܘܐ ܟܝܒܶܗ ܕܩܳܕܰܪ ܥܰܠ ‌ܐܰܢ ܢܶܣܝܘܢܶܐ ܕܓܷܕ ܐܳܬ݂ܷܢ ܒܩܰܡܘܬܶܗ. ܐܝܕ݂ܰܐ ܠܐ ܡܷܕܠܶܗ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܓܡܷܓ݂ܠܷܒ، ܓܢܳܦܰܠ ܡܝ ܕ݂ܰܪܒܐ، ܘܓܷܕ ܥܳܝܰܫ ܚܰܝܶܐ ܙܰܚܡܶܐ ܕܡܰܠܝܶܐ ܬܰܥܒܐ ܘܟ݂ܨܰܪܰܐ ܢܶܐ.

ܐܘ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܝܐ ܕܓܷܕ ܡܰܟܠܶܐ ܘܡܰܪܟܷܕ ܠܰܪ ܪܷܓ݂ܫܶܐ ܘܰܚܫ ܕܟܷܬܢܶܐ ܠܰܘܓ݂ܷܠ ܕܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܕܡܳܦܰܩܩܶܗ ܠܰܪܘܰܠ. ܟܳܛܳܪܶܐ ܕܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܒܘ ܦܬܱܟܰܐܪ ܘܒܘ ܥܰܩܷܠ ܕܡܰܪܚܷܩ ܪܘܚܶܗ ܡܶܐ ܟܘܠ ܚܰܪܒܘܬ݂ܐ ܕܟܷܐܬ݂ܝܐ ܐܰܥܠܶܗ. ܡܰܘܟ݂ܰܐ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܣܢܝܩܳܝܐ ܝܐ ܗܶܫ ܢܰܥܝܡܐ ܕܝܳܠܰܦ ܐܝ ܬܰܪܒܝـܝܰܐ. ܐܝܢܰܩܩܰܐ ܕܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܕܠܐ ܡܳܝܰܕ ܡܝ ܢܰܥܡܘܬ݂ܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ، ܥܰܠ ܕܡܝ ܟ݂ܷܠܩܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܟܷܬܠܶܗ ܐܝܪܰܕܰܐ ܚܷܪ، ܟܝܒܶܗ ܕܷܡܔܰܪܰܒ ܘܕܣܳܝܰܡ ܟܘܠ ܓ݂ܰܠܛܐ ܘܚܛܝܬ݂ܐ. ܡܶܐ ܕܷܩܛܝܥܐ ܐܝ ܦ݁ܰܪܕܰܐ ܕܦܳܬ݂ܶܗ ܘܢܰܦܷܠ ܒܘ ܓ݂ܰܠܛܐ ܘܒܝ ܚܛܝܬܐ، ܙܰܚܡܶܐ ܝܐ ܕܩܳܕܰܪ ܕܟ݂ܳܠܰܨ ܡܝܢܰܗ.

ܒܰܚ ܚܷܝܝܶܘܷܢ ܠܰܬܝܐ ܗܰܘܟ݂ܰܐ. ܐܘ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܡܝ ܢܰܩܩܰܐ ܕܷܟܦܳܪܷܩ ܒܪܘܚܶܗ ܚܰܝܠܐ، ܟܳܒܳܕܶܐ ܕܡܷܣܬܰܥܡܷܠ ‌ܐܘ ܚܰܝܠܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܡܩܰܒܷܠ ܕܟܘܠ ܚܰܪܒܘܬ݂ܐ ܕܟܷܐܬ݂ܝܐ ܐܰܥܠܶܗ. ܚܰܐ ܡܰܛ ܛܘܦܣܶܐ: ܐܘ ܦܰܪܟ݂ܐ ܕܝ ܣܠܰܘܢܝـܝܶܐ ܝܐ. ܥܰܘܘܷܠ ܕܷܟܢܳܦܷܩ ܡܝ ܒܷܥܬܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܗܷܫ ܥܰܝܢܳܬ݂ܶܗ ܣܟ݂ܝܪܶܐ ܟܳܐܕ݂ܰܥ ܣܳܝܰܡ ܐܰܫ ܫܪܘܦܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܠܰܪܘܰܠ ܡܘ ܩܶܢܐ. ܟܷܡܬ݂ܰܒܷܬ ܐܘ ܡܶܕܶܐ ܕܟܷܐܒܥܝܢܰܐ ܕܷܐܡܡܝܢܰܐ. ܥܰܠ ܗܰܬ݂ܶܐ ܐܘ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܠܰܫܰܢ ܕܢܳܛܰܪ ܐܘ ܓ݂ܷܢܣܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܒܰܣ ܟܷܬܠܶܗ ܣܢܝܩܘܬ݂ܐ ܠܘ ܡܘܟܠܐ، ܠܝ ܕܘܟܬ݂ܐ ܘܠܝ ܢܰܕ݂ܰܦܰܐ. ܐܰܓ݂ܠܰܒ ܡܰܚ ܚܷܝܝܶܘܷܢ ܥܰܘܘܷܠ ܕܟܳܘܷܢ ܔܓ݂ܰܝܪ ܡܘ ܡܘܟܠܐ ܠܐ ܟܳܠܳܙܰܡܡܶܗ ܥܱܠܰܩܰܐ ܘܚܝܳܪܐ. ܝܰܥܢܝ ܐܘ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܓܷܫܪܐ ܝܐ ܕܟܳܡܰܦܷܬ ܡܝ ܥܝܶܫܶܐ ܕܘ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܠܝ ܥܝܶܫܶܐ ܕܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ.

ܐܘ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܡܝ ܟ݂ܷܠܩܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܐܰܠܳܗܐ ܟܡܰܠܘܰܫܠܶܗ: ܐܰܝܕܰܪܒܐ ܘܡܷܢ ܫܷܟܷܠ ܓܷܡܕܰܒܰܪ ܐܰܚ ܚܰـܝܰـܝܕ݂ܶܗ. ܒܰܣ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܥܰܠ ܕܟܷܬܝܐ ܟ݂ܰܠܝܐ ܡܶܐ ܟܘܠ ܡܶܕܶܐ، ܣܢܝܩܳܝܐ ܝܐ ܥܰܠ ܐܘ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܕܐܰܝܕܰܪܒܐ ܘܡܷܢ ܫܷܟܷܠ ܓܷܡܕܰܒܰܪ ܐܰܚ ܚܰـܝܰـܝܕ݂ܶܗ. ܡܰܘܟ݂ܰܐ ܐܝܢܰܩܩܰܐ ܕܷܟܡܝܬܰܘܠܷܕ݂ ܐܘ ܢܰܥܝܡܐ ܢܳܫܐ ܚܪܶܢܐ ܟܳܟ݂ܳܕܰܡܠܶܗ ܘܟܷܡܟܰܡܷܠ‌ ܐܝ ܣܢܝܩܘܬ݂ܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ. ܚܰܐ ܠܘ ܚܪܶܢܐ، ܕܳܪܐ ܟܡܰܘܠܷܦ ܠܕܳܪܐ.

ܐܝܢܰܩܩܰܐ ܕܷܟ݂ܠܝܩ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܩܰܡܳܝܐ ܘܢܰܚܷܬ ܥܰܠ ܐܝ ܐܰܪܥܐ ܟܳܡܷܚܫܘ ܐܘ ܙܰܒܢܐ ܕܝ ܛܰܠܝܘܬ݂ܐ ܕܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ. ܡܘ ܝܰܘܡܐ ܕܢܰܚܷܬ ܒܕܶܠܶܗ ܗܶܕܝ ܗܶܕܝ ܕܝܳܠܰܦ ܐܘ ܣܬܷܥܡܰܐܠ ܕܘ ܡܶܕܶܐ، ܠܘ ܙܪܳܥܐ، ܠܘ ܚܨܳܕܐ، ܠܘ ܬܠܳܝܐ، ܠܘ ܔܶܪܳܒܐ ܕܘ ܡܶܕܶܐ ܘܗܶܫ ܓ݂ܱܠܱܒܶܐ ܡܶܕܳܢܶܐ. ܒܝ ܩܰܡܰܝܬܐ ܪܣܷܡܠܶܗ، ܒܷܬ݂ܷܪ ܡܳܦܰܩܠܶܗ ܐܝ ܟܬ݂ܰܘܬܐ ܘܟܬ݂ܘܠܶܗ. ܐܰܕܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܥܰܠ ‌ܐܰܟ ܟܬ݂ܳܘܶܐ ܥܰܬܝܩܶܐ ܕܷܟܬ݂ܘܠܶܗ ܡܫܰܘܫܰܛ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܝܰܘܡܐ ܥܰܠ ܐܘ ܝܰܘܡܐ ܡܰܛܝ ܠܘ ܬܶܟܢܳܠܳܙ̰ܝ ܕܐܰܕܝܰܘܡܐ ܕܣܰܠܷܩ ܗܘܠ ܠܘ ܣܰܗܪܐ. ܡܰܬ݂ܠܐ ܚܪܶܢܐ: ܟܘܠ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܟܷܬܠܶܗ ܫܷܟܷܠ ܕܩܶܕܳܡܐ ܠܘ ܡܶܕܶܐ ܚܰܪܒܐ ܕܟܳܐܬ݂ܶܐ ܐܰܥܠܶܗ. ܗܷܢ ܒܘ ܩܰܪܥܐ ܟܕܷܦܪܝ، ܗܷܢ ܒܝ ܪܰܓ݂ܠܐ ܟܷܡܪܰܦ݁ܨܝ، ܗܷܢ ܒܰܢ ܐܝܕ݂ܳܬ݂ܶܐ ܟܳܡܳܚܷܢ، ܗܷܢ ܒܘ ܕܰܢܘܐ، ܗܷܢ ܒܰܓ ܓܶܦܶܐ، ܗܷܢ ܒܛܰܪܦܳܢܰܝـܝܶܗ، ܗܷܢ ܒܥܰܪܫܳܢܰܝـܝܶܗ ܟܳܢܷܟܬܝ، ܗܷܢ ܟܳܕܰܘܨܝ، ܗܷܢ ܒܝ ܟ݂ܰܝـܝܦܘܬ݂ܰܬ݂ܬ݂ܶܗ ܟܳܡܰܗܷܙܡܝ ܘܗܷܢ ܟܳܦܰܝܪܝ. ܗܰܢܝ ܟܘܠܠܶܗ ܡܝ ܟ݂ܷܠܩܰܬ݂ܬ݂ܶܗ ܗܝܘܝ ܐܰܠܠܶܗ. ܐܶܠܐ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܒܘ ܝܘܠܦܳܢܐ ܕܟܳܡܳܝܰܕ ܘܒܘ ܥܰܩܷܠܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ ܕܷܟܡܷܣܬܰܥܡܶܠܶܗ ܟܝܒܶܗ ܕܚܳܟܰܡ ܥܰܠ ܐܰܚ ܚܷܝܝܶܘܷܢܰܢܝ ܟܘܠܠܶܗ.

ܗܘܠ ܠܐܘܥܕܐ ܐܘ ܡܶܕܶܐ ܕܟܐܘܕ݂ܥܝܢܰܐ ܐܘ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܠܰܬܠܶܗ ܣܢܝܩܘܬ݂ܐ ܠܘ ܬܘܠܝܦܐ. ܔܓ݂ܰܝܪ ܡܰܦ ܦܰܪܟ݂ܶܐ ܕܰܦ ܦܷܪܚܳܬ݂ܶܐ ܕܷܟܝܷܠܦܝ ܐܘ ܙܡܳܪܐ، ܚܰܝܘܰܢ ܚܪܶܢܐ ܠܐ ܟܳܝܳܠܰܦ ܡܶܕܶܐ ܡܝ ܐܶܡܐ ܘܡܘ ܒܰܒܰܝܕ݂ܶܗ. ܚܰܐ ܟܳܐܬ݂ܶܠܶܗ ܦܷܪܔܶܐ ܥܰܠ ܐܝ ܐܶܡܐ ܘܒܰܒܐ ܕܰܦ ܦܷܪܚܳܬ݂ܶܐ، ܗܘܠ ܕܟܳܐܬ݂ܶܐ ܡܰܢܢܶܗ ܟܳܡܰܥܠܷܢ ܩܳܠܰܝـܝܶܗ ܘܟܳܡܷܠܦܝ ܐܘ ܙܡܳܪܐ ܠܰܦ ܦܰܪܟ݂ܰܬ݂ܬ݂ܶܗ ܘܰܐܦ ܦܰܪܟ݂ܰܬ݂ܬ݂ܶܗ ܕܒܘ ܩܕ݂ܳܠܰܘܐ ܐܘ ܢܰܥܝܡܐ ܐܰܝܕܰܪܒܐ ܘܡܷܢ ܫܷܟܷܠ ܕܙܷܡܪܝ ܟ݂ܳܬ݂ܰܝܝܶܗ. ܟ݂ܘܕ ܐܰܡ ܡܰܠܦܳܢܶܐ ܕܟܳܡܷܠܦܝ ܐܰܝ ܝܳܠܘܦܶܐ ܒܝ ܡܰܕܪܰܫܬܐ ܥܰܠ‌ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ: ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܕܟܳܡܷܦܬܰܟܰܪ ܝܐ. ܐܰܠܳܗܐ ܟ݂ܠܷܩܠܶܗ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܘܗܘܠܶܠܶܗ ܥܰܩܷܠ ܕܷܡܕܰܒܰܪ ܪܘܚܶܗ ܘܥܳܝܰܫ ܚܰܝܶܐ ܒܰܣܝܡܶܐ. ܐܝܕ݂ܰܐ ܕܠܐ ܡܷܣܬܰܥܡܰܠ‌ ܐܘ ܥܰܩܷܠ ܕܗܘܠܶܠܶܗ ܐܰܠܳܗܐ ܘܝܳܠܰܦ، ܠܐ ܟܳܡܷܦܪܰܫ ܡܰܚ ܚܷܝܝܶܘܷܢ ܘܠܐ ܟܳܩܳܕܰܪ ܩܳܝܰܡ ܡܩܰܒܷܠ ܕܰܚ ܚܰܝܠܶܐ ܕܘ ܟܝܳܢܐ. ܡܰܬ݂ܠܐ: ܕܠܐ ܡܰܫܓ݂ܰܠ ܗܰܘܢܶܗ ܠܰܫܰܢ ܕܣܳܝܰܡ ܡܰܟܝܢܰܬ ܪܰܒܶܐ ܕܟܳܛܰܘܪܝ ܘܚܷܦܪܝ، ܠܰܝܒܶܗ ܦܳܬܰܚ ܕܰܪܒܳܢܶܐ ܒܰܛ ܛܘܪܳܢܶܐ ܠܘ ܡܰܙܠܐ ܘܠܘ ܡܰܬ݂ܝܐ ܘܠܝ ܬܷܔܔܰܪܰܐ ܘܠܰܝܒܶܗ ܣܬܶܐ ܕܬܳܘܰܪ ܟܶܦܶܐ ܘܡܰܥܡܰܪ ܒܳܬܶܐ. ܕܠܐ ܣܳܝܰܡ ܣܶܦܳܩܶܐ ܕܝ ܦܰܕܳܢܐ، ܠܰܝܒܶܗ ܕܕܳܘܰܪ ܘܚܳܨܰܕ. ܡܰܘܟ݂ܰܐ ܟܷܐܡܡܝ ܐܰܝ ܝܰܕܘܥܬ݂ܳܢܶܐ: ܐܘ ܥܰܩܷܠ ܘܐܘ ܦܬܱܟܰܐܪ ܢܶܐ ܕܟܳܦܷܪܫܝ ܐܘ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܐ ܡܘ ܚܰܝܘܰܐܢ ܘܠܰܬܢܶܐ ܐܰܗ ܗܰܕܳܡܶܐ، ܟ݂ܘܕ ܐܝ ܥܰܝܢܐ ܘܐܝ ܐܰܕ݂ܢܐ ܘܐܘ ܢܚܝܪܐ ܘܐܰܪ ܪܰܓ݂ܠܳܬ݂ܶܐ.

ܡܰܠܦܳܢܐ ܐܰܝܗܰܐܢ ܓܘܪܩܰܐܢ

Bayn ax xëlqat dë xlëqle Aloho bas u barnošo sniqoyo yo lu yulfono. U yulfono d këmmina; u barnošo lašan d oḏäc i qime, u stëcmal du mede, d qodar d coyaš, dë mdabar aḥ ḥayayḏe b tarbiya w b ṭukoso yo. Bëṯër me tamo kobode d foyat li mujadäla daḥ ḥaye. Iḏa mëdle yulfono ṭawwo kibe d qodar cal an nesyune d gëd oṯën b qamuṯe. Iḏa lo mëdle yulfono gmëġlëb, gnofal mi ḏarbo, w gëd coyaš ḥaye zaḥme d malye tacbo w xṣara ne.

U yulfono yo d gëd makle w markëd lar rëġše waḥš d këtne lawġël du barnošo d mofaqqe larwal. Koṭore d u barnošo bu ftäkar w bu caqël d marḥëq ruḥe me kul ḥarbuṯo d këṯyo acle. Mawxa u barnošo sniqoyo yo heš nacimo d yolaf i tarbiya. Inaqqa du barnošo d lo moyad mi nacmuṯayḏe yulfono, cal d mi xëlqayḏe këtle irada ḥër, kibe dë mjarab w d soyam kul galṭo w ḥṭiṯo. Me dë qṭico i parda d foṯe w nafël bu ġalṭo w bi ḥṭito, zaḥme yo d qodar d xolaṣ mina.

Baḥ ḥëyyewën latyo hawxa. U ḥaywan mi naqqa dë kforëq b ruḥe ḥaylo, kobode d mëstacmël u ḥaylayḏe mqabël d kul ḥarbuṯo d këṯyo acle. Ḥa maṭ ṭufse: u farxo di slawniye yo. Cawwël dë knofëq mi bëctayde hëš caynotë sxire kodäc soyam aš šrufayḏe larwal mu qeno. Këmṯabët u mede d këbcina d ëmmina. Cal haṯe u ḥaywan lašan d noṭar u ġënsayḏe bas këtle sniquṯo lu muklo, li dukṯo w li naḏafa. Aġlab maḥ ḥëyyewën cawwël d kowën jġayr mu muklo lo kolozamme cälaqa w ḥyoro. Yacni u yulfono gëšro yo d komafët mi cyeše du ḥaywan li cyeše du barnošo.

U ḥaywan mi xëlqayḏe Aloho kmalwašle: aydarbo w mën šëkël gëmdabar aḥ ḥayayḏe. Bas u barnošo cal d këtyo xalyo me kul mede, sniqoyo yo cal u yulfono d aydarbo w mën šëkël gëmdabar aḥ ḥayayḏe. Mawxa inaqqa dë kmitawlëḏ u nacimo nošo ḥreno koxodamle w këmkamël i sniquṯayḏe. Ḥa lu ḥreno, doro kmawlëf l doro.

Inaqqa dë xliq u barnošo qamoyo w naḥët cal i arco komëḥšu u zabno di ṭalyuṯo du barnošo. Mu yawmo d naḥët bdele hedi hedi d yolaf u stëcmal du mede, lu zroco, lu ḥṣodo, lu tloyo, lu jerobo du mede w heš ġäläbe medone. Bi qamayto rsëmle, bëṯër mofaqle i kṯawto w kṯule. Adyawma cal ak kṯowe catiqe dë kṯule mšawšaṭ u barnošo yawmo cal u yawmo maṭi lu teknoloži d adyawmo d salëq hul lu sahro. Maṯlo ḥreno: Kul ḥaywan këtle šëkël d qedomo lu mede ḥarbo d koṯe acle. Hën bu qarco kdëfri, hën bi raġlo këmrapṣi, hën ban iḏoṯe komoḥën, hën bu danwo, hën bag gefe, hën b ṭarfonayye, hën b caršonayye konëkti, hën kodawṣi, hën bi xayifuṯaṯṯe komahëzmi w hën kofayri. Hani kulle mi xëlqaṯṯe hiwi alle. Elo u barnošo bu yulfono d komoyad w bu caqëlayḏe dë kmëstacmele kibe d ḥokam cal aḥ ḥëyyewënani kulle.

Hul l ucdo u mede d kuḏcina u ḥaywan latle sniquṯo lu tulifo. Jġayr maf farxe daf fërḥoṯe dë kyëlfi u zmoro, ḥaywan ḥreno lo koyolaf mede mi emo w mu babayḏe. Ḥa koṯele fërje cal i emo w babo daf fërḥoṯe, hul d koṯe manne komaclën qolayye w komëlfi u zmoro laf farxaṯṯe w af farxaṯṯe d bu qḏolawo u nacimo aydarbo w mën šëkël d zëmri xoṯayye. Xud am malfone d komëlfi ay yolufe bi madrašto cal u barnošo: ḥaywan d komëftakar yo. Aloho xlëqle u barnošo w hulele caqël dë mdabar ruḥe w coyaš ḥaye basime. Iḏa d lo mëstacmal u caqël d hulele Aloho w yolaf, lo komëfraš maḥ ḥëyyewën w lo koqodar qoyam mqabël daḥ ḥayle du kyono. Maṯlo: d lo mašġal hawne lašan d soyam makinat rabe d koṭawri w ḥëfri, laybe fotaḥ darbone baṭ ṭurone lu mazlo w lu maṯyo w li tëjjara w laybe ste d towar kefe w macmar bote. D lo soyam sefoqe di fadono, laybe d dowar w ḥoṣad. Mawxa këmmi ay yaducṯone: u caqël w u ftäkar ne d kofërši u barnošo mu ḥaywan w latne ah hadome, xud i cayno w i aḏno w u nḥiro w ar raġloṯe.

Malfono Ayhan Gürkan